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The chief objection to determining a large machine's efficiency directly is that

  • A.the machine cannot be loaded to its rating at all
  • B.the losses cannot be separated into their components
  • C.the temperature rise cannot be measured at the same time
  • D.the difference of two large quantities is very uncertain

Answer: D

Correct answer: the difference of two large quantities is very uncertain

A machine at 98 per cent efficiency has losses of two per cent, so the loss is the small difference between two nearly equal large measurements. A one per cent error in each could give a fifty per cent error in the loss and a wholly unreliable efficiency. Measuring the losses themselves avoids this entirely.

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