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Which orientation does the thermal wind take relative to the isotherms?

  • A.At thirty degrees to them
  • B.At an angle that varies with latitude, approaching ninety degrees as the pole is drawn nearer
  • C.Parallel to them
  • D.Perpendicular to them, pointing from the warm side of the layer towards the colder side of it

Answer: C

The thermal wind blows along the layer mean isotherms with cold air on its left in the northern hemisphere, exactly as the geostrophic wind blows along the isobars with low pressure on its left. The analogy is exact because thickness plays the role of geopotential height in the relation. Perpendicular flow would describe maximum thermal advection instead, and there is no latitude dependence in the geometry, only in the magnitude through the Coriolis parameter.

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