Discussion
Which term describes an atmosphere with intersecting pressure and density surfaces?
Answer: C
In a baroclinic atmosphere the isobaric and isopycnal surfaces intersect, so the solenoidal term is non-zero and circulation can be generated. Equivalently, there is a horizontal temperature gradient on a pressure surface and hence a thermal wind. A barotropic atmosphere is the opposite case with no shear. Isentropic and adiabatic describe constant potential temperature and the absence of heat exchange respectively, which are different ideas.
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