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Which consequence does barotropy have for the vertical wind profile?

  • A.The wind increases with height in proportion to the temperature gradient across the layer concerned
  • B.The wind reverses direction
  • C.The wind turns steadily clockwise with height through the whole depth of the layer being considered
  • D.The geostrophic wind is independent of height

Answer: D

With no horizontal temperature gradient the thermal wind vanishes, so the geostrophic wind is identical at every level. This is why the earliest numerical forecast models, which were barotropic, could represent the flow with a single level. The other options describe baroclinic situations with a thermal wind oriented parallel, antiparallel or perpendicular to the flow respectively.

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