Discussion
Which seasonal change strengthens the mid-latitude jet?
Answer: D
Winter cooling of the polar regions sharpens the meridional temperature gradient, and by the thermal wind relation this strengthens the westerly shear and hence the jet. A uniform warming of the whole troposphere would produce no gradient and no change in shear. Tropopause height and boundary layer depth do vary seasonally but neither is the mechanism, and the jet also moves equatorward in winter as the gradient shifts. Framing the question as which quantity the change acts upon makes the answer follow without calculation.
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