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Which oceanographic technique rests on the thermal wind relation?

  • A.The dynamic method for computing currents from density profiles
  • B.The measurement of surface currents by tracking drifting buoys released at intervals along a section
  • C.Acoustic tomography
  • D.Satellite altimetry, which infers the surface geostrophic current from the slope of the sea surface

Answer: A

The dynamic method integrates the thermal wind relation upward from an assumed level of no motion to obtain the geostrophic shear from measured temperature and salinity profiles. Its weakness is the arbitrariness of that reference level. Drifters and altimetry measure the current or the surface slope directly rather than deriving the shear, and tomography measures sound speed and hence temperature over long paths. A single measurement chosen to respond to the one asymmetry beats several that respond to shared behaviour.

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