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Which quantity combines stratification and shear in a single parameter?

  • A.The Froude number
  • B.The Burger number, which compares the deformation radius with the horizontal scale of the motion
  • C.The Richardson number
  • D.The Rossby number, which compares the inertial acceleration with the acceleration due to rotation

Answer: C

The Richardson number is the square of the buoyancy frequency divided by the square of the vertical shear, and values below one quarter indicate that shear instability is possible. Since the shear is given by the thermal wind, the Richardson number links the horizontal temperature gradient to the likelihood of turbulence. The Rossby, Froude and Burger numbers compare quite different pairs of effects.

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