Discussion
Which effect does a deeper layer have on the accumulated wind change?
Answer: B
The thermal wind is proportional to the logarithm of the pressure ratio across the layer, so a deeper layer with the same gradient accumulates more shear. That is why the wind grows steadily through the troposphere rather than jumping at any one level. The sign depends on the direction of the temperature gradient rather than on the position relative to the jet, and dilution is not how the relation works.
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