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Which idealised model isolates the thermal wind as the source of instability?

  • A.The Eady model
  • B.The barotropic vorticity model, which was used for the earliest numerical weather forecasts made
  • C.The Ekman model
  • D.The Hadley model, in which a direct thermally driven cell transports heat from the equator polewards

Answer: A

Eady considered a uniformly stratified fluid with constant vertical shear between two rigid lids and showed that disturbances grow by drawing on the available potential energy of that shear. The shear is exactly the thermal wind. The barotropic model has no shear and hence no baroclinic instability, while the Ekman and Hadley models address friction and the meridional circulation respectively.

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