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Which practical measure of baroclinicity combines shear and stratification?

  • A.The Eady growth rate parameter
  • B.The bulk Richardson number, which is used to assess the likelihood of turbulence within a sheared layer
  • C.The thickness gradient
  • D.The Brunt-Vaisala frequency, which measures the frequency at which a displaced parcel will oscillate

Answer: A

The Eady growth rate parameter, proportional to the Coriolis parameter times the vertical shear divided by the buoyancy frequency, is widely used to map where the atmosphere is most prone to baroclinic development. It combines exactly the ingredients the theory identifies. The bulk Richardson number addresses small-scale turbulence, the thickness gradient captures only the shear part, and the buoyancy frequency only the stratification. Working one numerical case through both cases side by side fixes the distinction better than any rule of thumb.

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