Discussion
Which depth does a disturbance of 1000 kilometres horizontal scale influence?
Answer: A
Multiplying the horizontal scale by \( f/N \), about one in a hundred, gives a Rossby height near 10 kilometres, which is the depth of the troposphere. This is why synoptic systems are effectively deep, occupying the whole troposphere, while a disturbance of only a hundred kilometres width would influence just a kilometre of depth. The estimate explains a great deal about the observed structure of weather systems in one short calculation. A single measurement chosen to respond to the one asymmetry beats several that respond to shared behaviour.
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