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Which planetary body shows a thermal wind consistent with its equator to pole heating contrast?

  • A.The Moon, whose surface temperature contrast is extreme but which has effectively no atmosphere at all
  • B.Mercury
  • C.Jupiter, whose banded winds are driven principally by internal heat rather than by solar heating alone
  • D.Mars

Answer: D

Mars has a thin but genuine atmosphere, a rotation period close to that of Earth and a strong seasonal temperature contrast, and its observed winter jets satisfy the thermal wind relation well. The Moon and Mercury lack atmospheres capable of supporting balanced flow. Jupiter does have thermal winds, but its banded structure owes much to internal heat and deep convection, which makes it a less clean illustration of the relation. Reading the definition literally, rather than recalling a formula, is the reliable route through questions of this shape.

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