Discussion
Consider the following statements about the Gibbs energy.
1. At constant temperature and pressure it decreases in a spontaneous process.
2. At equilibrium under those conditions it reaches a minimum.
3. It always equals the enthalpy of the system.
Answer: C
Correct answer: 1 and 2 only
Statements 1 and 2 are the criterion of spontaneity and equilibrium at constant temperature and pressure: the Gibbs energy falls as the process proceeds and is stationary at a minimum when it stops. Statement 3 confuses two different quantities - \( G = H - TS \), so they coincide only if the entropy term vanishes, which it does not at any finite temperature.
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