Discussion
Consider the following statements about residual and excess properties.
1. A residual property measures departure from ideal gas behaviour.
2. An excess property measures departure from ideal solution behaviour.
3. The two terms mean the same thing.
Answer: A
Correct answer: 1 and 2 only
Statements 1 and 2 define the two correctly: a residual property is the departure of a real fluid from the ideal *gas* at the same conditions, and an excess property the departure of a real solution from the ideal *solution*. Statement 3 collapses that distinction. The reference states are different, which is why residual properties are computed from an equation of state and excess properties from an activity coefficient model.
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