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If the heat supplied to an ideal gas is used up entirely to do work on the surrounding, then the process is called

  • A.isothermal compression
  • B.isothermal expansion
  • C.adiabatic compression
  • D.isobaric compression
  • E.isobaric expansion

Answer: B

The process is isothermal expansion.

By the first law, \(Q = \Delta U + W\). For an ideal gas the internal energy depends only on temperature, so at constant temperature \(\Delta U = 0\) and \(Q = W\): all the heat supplied becomes work. Work done on the surroundings means the gas expands.

In a compression the surroundings do work on the gas, and the gas gives out heat. In an adiabatic process no heat is supplied at all, and in an isobaric process part of the heat raises the internal energy.

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