Discussion
The design of thin cylindrical shells is based on :
Answer: A
Thin cylindrical shells are designed on the basis of hoop stress.
For internal pressure p, diameter d and thickness t, the hoop stress is \(\frac{pd}{2t}\) and the longitudinal stress \(\frac{pd}{4t}\). The hoop stress is twice as large, so it governs the thickness needed.
Designing on the longitudinal stress, or on any mean of the two, would give a wall too thin to resist the larger hoop stress.
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