Discussion
In order to advance problem-solving skills of learners, teachers should encourage _____ and should promote _____ thinking among learners.
Answer: D
Teachers should encourage verbalization and promote analogical thinking.
Talking through a problem aloud (verbalization) makes learners aware of their own steps and helps them spot errors. Analogical thinking, recognising that a new problem is like one solved before, lets learners transfer a known solution. Both are well-established aids to problem solving.
Belief perseverance (clinging to beliefs despite contrary evidence) and functional fixedness (seeing an object only in its usual use) are obstacles to problem solving, so A and B are wrong. Option C pairs a useful heuristic with convergent thinking, which narrows towards one answer rather than opening up solutions.
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