Discussion
A common logical error that people make is to seek information that supports their ideas rather than evidence that would invalidate those ideas. This is known as :
Answer: B
The error is the confirmatory (confirmation) bias.
Confirmation bias is the tendency to seek, notice and remember evidence that supports what one already believes, while neglecting evidence that could disprove it. Wason's selection task showed it neatly: most people turn over cards that could confirm a rule instead of those that could falsify it.
Deductive reasoning is drawing conclusions that follow necessarily from premises. Affirming the consequent is the invalid inference 'if p then q; q; therefore p', and affirming the antecedent (modus ponens) is a valid form of argument. Neither describes selective search for supporting evidence.
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