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The membrane analogy explains why a narrow open strip is soft in torsion because the film over it

  • A.Cannot rise far, so its volume is small
  • B.Rises very high in the middle
  • C.Has zero slope everywhere
  • D.Breaks under the pressure

Answer: A

A long thin hole constrains the film to a low ridge, so the volume beneath, and hence the torque carried at a given twist, is small. Joining the ends of the strip to enclose an area transforms the picture completely, which is the closed-section case.

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