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The torsion constant of a thin closed section is given by

  • A.The polar second moment of area
  • B.Four A squared over the integral of ds over t
  • C.Twice the enclosed area times the thickness
  • D.One third of the sum of s times t cubed

Answer: B

This expression follows from combining the constant shear flow with the rate of twist integral. For a thin circular tube it reduces to twice pi r cubed t, and it shows the enclosed area entering squared, which is why closing a section pays so handsomely.

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