Discussion
Assertion (A): The torsion constant of a non-circular section is smaller than its polar second moment of area.
Reason (R): Warping relieves part of the section's capacity to resist twist.
Select the correct answer from the options below.
Answer: D
Correct answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Both are true and the reason explains why. The polar second moment of area is the correct torsion constant only when the section stays plane. A non-circular section warps, so part of the deformation goes into axial displacement rather than into resisting twist, and the effective constant is smaller - sometimes very much smaller, as for a thin open section.
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