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A transducer is described as having a time constant of 5 s. Its reading reaches 95 per cent of a step change in about

  • A.15 s
  • B.5 s
  • C.50 s
  • D.2.5 s

Answer: A

An exponential response reaches 63 per cent in one time constant, 86 in two and 95 in three, so about fifteen seconds. This matters when a slow sensor is used in a control loop, where the lag can make the loop unstable.

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