Discussion
Cigarette smoking causes two million deaths annually in the industrial states.
Answer: B
Correct answer: Two million deaths are caused annually by cigarette smoking in the industrial states
The active verb causes is a present simple stating a general fact, so the passive must stay present simple: are caused, plural to agree with two million deaths.
The three rejected options all shift the tense - to the present perfect continuous, the present continuous, or the present perfect - and each of those turns a standing statistic into something ongoing or recently completed.
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