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The iron loss of a transformer is nearly constant with load because

  • A.the core flux is fixed by the applied voltage
  • B.the load current does not flow in the core at all
  • C.the laminations are insulated from one another
  • D.the winding resistance does not change with load

Answer: A

Correct answer: the core flux is fixed by the applied voltage

From \( E = 4.44fN\Phi_m \), the peak flux is set by the applied voltage and frequency, both of which stay constant as load varies. Hysteresis and eddy current loss depend on that flux, so the core loss barely changes from no load to full load. This is why it is treated as a constant loss when efficiency is computed.

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