Discussion
A 100 kVA transformer with 500 W iron loss and 1,000 W full-load copper loss, at unity power factor and full load, has an efficiency of
Answer: A
Correct answer: 98.5 per cent
At full load and unity power factor the output is 100 kW and the total loss is \( 500 + 1000 = 1500 \) W: \[ \eta = \frac{100\,000}{100\,000 + 1500} = 0.985 = 98.5\ \text{per cent.} \] Note the loss goes in the denominator with the output, since input equals output plus losses - dividing by the output alone gives a figure above unity.
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