Discussion
That transformer reaches its maximum efficiency at a loading of
Answer: C
Correct answer: about 87 per cent of full load
With 300 W of iron loss and 400 W of full-load copper loss, \[ x = \sqrt{\frac{P_i}{P_{cu,fl}}} = \sqrt{\frac{300}{400}} = \sqrt{0.75} = 0.87. \] So the efficiency peaks at about 87 per cent of full load. Because the curve is flat near its maximum, the efficiency at full load is barely below the peak value.
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