Discussion
A 500 kVA transformer supplies 300 kW at 0.8 power factor lagging. The apparent power drawn is
Answer: D
Correct answer: 375 kVA
\[ S = \frac{P}{\cos\phi} = \frac{300}{0.8} = 375\ \text{kVA.} \] The transformer is therefore loaded to 75 per cent of its 500 kVA rating even though it is delivering only 300 kW. This is exactly why the rating is in kVA: the current, which sizes the conductors and produces the copper loss, depends on the apparent power and not on the real power.
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