Discussion
Tropical cyclones usually do not form close to the Equator primarily because
Answer: C
The main reason is that the Coriolis force is too weak.
A tropical cyclone needs the inflowing air to be deflected into a rotating vortex. The Coriolis parameter \(f = 2\Omega\sin\phi\) is zero at the Equator and very small within about 5° of it, so converging air flows straight in and fills the low instead of spinning up; cyclones therefore rarely form there.
The equatorial sea surface is warm, not too cold. Weak vertical wind shear favours cyclones rather than preventing them, and the beta effect influences cyclone drift, not cloud dissipation.
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