Discussion
Which one of the following is the main reason why tropical cyclones rarely form over the Bay of Bengal during the summer monsoon season?
Answer: A
The main reason is strong vertical wind shear.
During the summer monsoon, low-level westerlies blow over the Bay of Bengal while the tropical easterly jet blows strongly in the upper troposphere. The large change in wind with height tilts and tears apart developing convective systems and carries away the heat that a warm-core vortex needs to build up. Disturbances therefore usually remain monsoon depressions rather than becoming cyclones. Cyclones over the Bay peak in the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, when the shear is weak.
The other reasons do not apply in this season: the monsoon trough supplies strong low-level cyclonic vorticity, the mid-troposphere is moist, and the atmosphere is convectively unstable.
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