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True or false: a plane wave can have a component of electric field along its direction of travel.

  • A.True, if the wave is circularly polarised
  • B.False, a plane wave being purely transverse in a simple medium
  • C.True, provided the medium is a good conductor
  • D.True, at frequencies above the plasma frequency

Answer: B

The divergence condition forces the longitudinal component to be constant along the direction of propagation, and for a wave it must therefore vanish. Guided waves in a hollow waveguide do have longitudinal components, but they are not uniform plane waves.

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