Discussion
Assertion (A): A strongly exothermic reaction is often run semi-batch rather than as a full batch.
Reason (R): Feeding one reactant slowly limits the rate at which heat is released.
Answer: A
Correct answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Both are true and the reason gives the mechanism. With one reactant fed gradually only a little is present at any instant, so the reaction rate - and with it the heat release - is set by the feed rate rather than by the kinetics. The operator controls the exotherm with a valve, and closing it stops the heat almost at once, which a full batch charge does not allow.
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