Discussion
A spectrum shows a strong band at 250 nm and a weak one at 320 nm. What does this suggest?
Answer: D
A strong short-wavelength band is the allowed pi to pi star transition of the conjugated system, and a weak long-wavelength one is the forbidden n to pi star of a carbonyl's lone pair. A saturated compound would show nothing, a bare aromatic ring gives a characteristic weak fine-structured band near 255, and concentration affects height rather than position. Reading intensity and position together identifies the transitions, and the transitions identify the groups present.
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