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All of the following can break an azeotrope EXCEPT

  • A.using pervaporation through a suitable membrane
  • B.increasing the number of distillation stages
  • C.adding a third component as an entrainer
  • D.operating at a distinctly different pressure

Answer: B

Extra stages cannot help, because the limit is thermodynamic rather than one of contacting. The other three all change the equilibrium itself rather than approaching it more closely. Reflux and stages both address contacting, not equilibrium.

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