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If \( \mathbf{A} \cdot \mathbf{B} = 0 \) for two non-zero vectors, then they are

  • A.parallel
  • B.antiparallel
  • C.equal in magnitude but opposite in sense to one another
  • D.perpendicular

Answer: D

The dot product contains the cosine of the angle, which is zero only at ninety degrees for non-zero vectors. This is the standard test for orthogonality and it is how the unit vectors of any coordinate system are shown to be mutually perpendicular.

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