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The differential volume element in cylindrical coordinates is

  • A.\( d\rho \, d\phi \, dz \)
  • B.\( \rho^2 \sin\theta \, d\rho \, d\phi \, dz \)
  • C.\( \rho^2 \, d\rho \, d\phi \, dz \)
  • D.\( \rho \, d\rho \, d\phi \, dz \)

Answer: D

Correct answer: \( \rho \, d\rho \, d\phi \, dz \)

The three edges of the element are \( d\rho \), \( \rho\,d\phi \) and \( dz \), the middle one carrying a factor of \( \rho \) because an angle subtends a longer arc further from the axis. Multiplying them gives the volume element, and omitting the \( \rho \) is the commonest error in cylindrical integration.

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