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The unit vector along \( 2\mathbf{a}_x - \mathbf{a}_y + 2\mathbf{a}_z \) is

  • A.\( (2\mathbf{a}_x - \mathbf{a}_y + 2\mathbf{a}_z)/5 \)
  • B.\( (2\mathbf{a}_x - \mathbf{a}_y + 2\mathbf{a}_z)/9 \)
  • C.\( 2\mathbf{a}_x - \mathbf{a}_y + 2\mathbf{a}_z \)
  • D.\( (2\mathbf{a}_x - \mathbf{a}_y + 2\mathbf{a}_z)/3 \)

Answer: D

The magnitude is \( \sqrt{4 + 1 + 4} = 3 \), so dividing each component by three gives the unit vector. Its components, two thirds, minus a third and two thirds, are the direction cosines and the sum of their squares is one.

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