Discussion
Amongst electrical resistivity (\(\rho\)), thermal conductivity (\(\kappa\)), specific heat (\(C\)), Young’s modulus (\(Y\)), and magnetic susceptibility (\(\chi\)), which quantities show a sharp change at the superconducting transition temperature?
Answer: B
The quantities that change sharply are \(\rho, C, \chi\).
- Resistivity drops abruptly to zero at \(T_{c}\), the defining property of a superconductor.
- Specific heat shows a discontinuous jump at \(T_{c}\), the signature of a second-order phase transition.
- Magnetic susceptibility changes abruptly to \(\chi = -1\), perfect diamagnetism, because of the Meissner effect.
Thermal conductivity does not jump at \(T_{c}\); it changes gradually below it as electrons condense into pairs that carry no entropy. Young’s modulus, a lattice property, is essentially unaffected. So options including \(\kappa\) or \(Y\) are wrong, and only \(\rho, C, \chi\) matches.
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