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Gauss's divergence theorem states that the flux out of a closed surface equals

  • A.the volume integral of the field itself over the enclosed region
  • B.the volume integral of the divergence over the enclosed region
  • C.the surface integral of the curl over the surface
  • D.the line integral of the field round the boundary of the surface

Answer: B

The theorem reads

\[ \oiint_{S} \mathbf{F} \cdot \mathbf{n}\,dS \;=\; \iiint_{V} \nabla \cdot \mathbf{F}\,dV. \]

It is the statement that what leaves a region is what the sources inside it produce, and it is what turns the integral form of a conservation law into its differential form. A closed surface has no boundary curve, so no line integral arises

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