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Viral capsids are made up of morphological subunits called capsomeres. One of the common capsomeres is icosahedral. The icosahedron is a regular polyhedron with

  • A.16 triangular facets and 12 vertices.
  • B.20 triangular facets and 12 vertices.
  • C.16 triangular facets and 16 vertices.
  • D.20 triangular facets and 16 vertices.

Answer: B

An icosahedron has 20 triangular facets and 12 vertices.

The regular icosahedron is a solid of 20 equilateral triangular faces, 30 edges and 12 vertices, with five faces meeting at each vertex. Euler's formula confirms it: \(V - E + F = 12 - 30 + 20 = 2\).

Many viruses, such as adenovirus, build their capsids on this pattern. The options with 16 facets or 16 vertices do not describe any regular polyhedron, and Euler's formula fails for them with 30 edges.

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