Discussion
Which term describes vorticity measured relative to the rotating Earth?
Answer: C
Relative vorticity is the curl of the wind as measured in the rotating frame, so it describes the rotation of the air relative to the ground beneath. Adding the planetary vorticity, which is the Coriolis parameter, gives the absolute vorticity, and dividing that by a measure of layer depth or stratification gives potential vorticity. Keeping the four straight is essential because each is conserved under different conditions and confusing them leads to wrong conclusions.
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