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Which wave owes its existence to this restoring mechanism?

  • A.The Rossby wave
  • B.The internal gravity wave, whose restoring force is the buoyancy of a displaced parcel of stratified air
  • C.The Kelvin wave
  • D.The acoustic wave, which is restored by the compressibility of the air through which it propagates

Answer: A

A parcel displaced poleward acquires anticyclonic relative vorticity and turns back, while one displaced equatorward acquires cyclonic vorticity and does the same, giving a wave whose phase propagates westward relative to the mean flow. Gravity waves are restored by buoyancy and acoustic waves by compressibility, so their mechanisms are quite different. Kelvin waves are a special class of trapped wave relying on a boundary or on the equator. Most errors here come from carrying a result across from a neighbouring case where it does not hold.

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