Discussion
Which conditions are required for potential vorticity to be conserved?
Answer: B
Ertel's theorem requires only that the motion be adiabatic and frictionless, with no restriction on baroclinicity, divergence or steadiness. That generality is what makes potential vorticity so much more useful than absolute vorticity. Motion does in fact stay on an isentropic surface when adiabatic, so the last option restates a consequence rather than an independent condition.
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