Discussion
Which effect does a mountain range have on a westerly current in the shallow water view?
Answer: A
Ascending the windward slope reduces the depth of the column, and conservation of potential vorticity then requires the absolute vorticity to fall, giving anticyclonic curvature over the ridge. Descending the lee slope stretches the column and produces the cyclonic lee trough. This is the classical explanation of the standing waves downstream of major mountain ranges and of the Alberta and Genoa lee cyclogenesis regions. Most errors here come from carrying a result across from a neighbouring case where it does not hold.
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