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Which relationship connects divergence at upper levels to surface pressure?

  • A.Divergence aloft always raises the surface pressure by drawing additional mass into the column beneath
  • B.There is no relationship
  • C.Divergence aloft has an effect whose sign depends on the static stability of the intervening layers
  • D.Divergence aloft exceeding convergence below lowers the surface pressure

Answer: D

Surface pressure measures the weight of the overlying column, so if more mass leaves the top than enters at the bottom the column lightens and the pressure falls. This is the mass budget argument behind the deepening of surface lows beneath upper divergence. Static stability affects the vertical motion profile but not the sign of this relationship.

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