Discussion
Which angle between the dilatation axis and the isotherms gives maximum frontogenesis?
Answer: A
Frontogenesis is greatest when the dilatation axis is parallel to the isotherms, since the flow then converges most directly across the temperature gradient, and it changes sign beyond forty five degrees. Beyond that angle deformation acts to spread the isotherms apart instead. Knowing the critical angle allows a forecaster to judge from the flow pattern alone whether a temperature gradient is being sharpened or weakened. The quantity that varies and the quantity that does not are worth naming before any substitution is attempted.
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