Discussion
Methemoglobinemia (blue baby syndrome) is caused due to excessive presence of ____________ in groundwater.
Answer: B
Blue baby syndrome is caused by excess nitrates.
Nitrate in drinking water, often from fertilisers and sewage, is converted to nitrite in an infant's gut. Nitrite oxidises haemoglobin to methaemoglobin, which cannot carry oxygen, so the baby's skin turns bluish. Infants below six months are most at risk.
Arsenic in groundwater causes arsenicosis and skin lesions, fluoride causes fluorosis, and copper causes gastrointestinal and liver problems, not methaemoglobinaemia.
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