Discussion
Ion exchange softening replaces calcium and magnesium with
Answer: A
Correct answer: sodium ions from the resin
The resin is charged with sodium, and as hard water passes through it the calcium and magnesium are held on the resin while sodium is released in their place. When the resin is exhausted it is regenerated with brine, which drives the exchange back the other way and flushes the hardness to drain.
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