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If the phenolphthalein alkalinity is exactly half the total alkalinity, the water contains

  • A.hydroxide and carbonate together
  • B.carbonate only
  • C.hydroxide only
  • D.bicarbonate only

Answer: B

Carbonate is neutralised half way at the phenolphthalein end point and completely at the methyl orange end point, giving exactly that ratio. Hydroxide alone would make the two readings equal and bicarbonate alone would make the first zero.

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