Discussion
In the lime-soda process, soda ash is used to remove
Answer: A
Correct answer: permanent calcium hardness
Soda ash supplies carbonate ions, which convert the soluble calcium sulphate and chloride into insoluble calcium carbonate. That is precisely the part lime cannot handle, which is why the two reagents are used together - lime for the temporary hardness and the magnesium, soda ash for the permanent calcium hardness.
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