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Which relation governs the saturation mixing ratio's dependence on temperature?

  • A.The hypsometric relation, which links the thickness of a layer to its mean virtual temperature throughout
  • B.The Clausius-Clapeyron relation
  • C.The ideal gas law applied to the vapour component alone at the temperature of the sample being considered
  • D.Dalton's law of partial pressures

Answer: B

Clausius and Clapeyron derived the saturation vapour pressure from the equality of the Gibbs functions of the two phases, giving an approximately exponential increase with temperature of about 7 per cent per kelvin. The saturation mixing ratio follows directly once the total pressure is known. It is the single most important relation in moist thermodynamics. The quantity that varies and the quantity that does not are worth naming before any substitution is attempted.

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